Exclusiv: Amintirile mamei lui Boris Nemțov, făcute publice la zece ani de la uciderea fiului ei
Boris Nemțov în copilărie cu mama sa, Dina.
Familia lui Boris Nemțov, liderul opoziției ruse împușcat la Moscova în urmă cu zece ani, a împărtășit cu Current Time un videoclip în care mama lui vorbește despre fiul ei.
Videoclipul a fost înregistrat în 2023 de Zhanna, de fiica lui Nemțov. Erau ultimele ultimele luni de viață ale mamei lui Nemțov.
Filmarea oferă o perspectivă unică asupra unui om care s-a apropiat de vârful politicii ruse în timpul lui Boris Elțîn, înainte de a deveni un critic important al președintelui Vladimir Putin.
„Profesorii de la școală îl iubeau. Fetele îi spuneau «cel important»” spune Dina Nemțova în filmare. Ea a murit în februarie 2024, când avea 96 de ani.
În videoclip, ea face portretul unui băiat talentat care a avut începuturi modeste.
„Era foarte greu pentru el să lucreze acasă. Avea un loc mic în bucătărie, dar cineva îl întrerupea mereu. Uneori, când avea nevoie de spațiu ca să muncească, se închidea în baie.”
În vârstă de 87 de ani, mama lui Boris Nemțov, Dina, a participat la funeraliile fiului său la Moscova, în martie 2015.
Nemțov a crescut în orașul Gork – redenumit Nijni Novogorod după prăbușirea Uniunii Sovietice, și a studiat fizica la universitatea din oraș.
„Era critic cu privire la ceea ce se întâmpla în țară”, spune Dina. „Pe vremea lui [liderul sovietic Leonid] Brejnev, Boris era deja conștient că lucrurile se întâmplă”.
Însă Nemțov a devenit activ politic în timpul unui lider sovietic ulterior, Mihail Gorbaciov. Politicile lui Gorbaciov de glasnost (deschidere) și perestroika (restructurare) au schimbat climatul politic din țară, făcând exprimarea mai ușoară.
Trezirea politică
„Am început să urmărim politica când a început perestroika. Pot spune că a fost acel moment când a intrat în politică”.
Nemțov a avut o carieră de succes în condițiile haotice ale Rusiei post-sovietice din anii 1990, ajungând în cele din urmă să fie viceprim-ministru în timpul lui Elțîn.
Boris Nemtsov: A Life And Death In Pictures
1/22Boris Nemtsov studied physics at Lobachevsky State University in Gorky, the city now known as Nizhny Novgorod, receiving a degree in 1981.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
2/22Nemtsov holds a meeting with local voters as governor of Nizhny Novgorod in 1992.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
3/22Russian Federation President Boris Yeltsin and Nemtsov at a tennis event in Nizhny Novgorod in 1994.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
4/22Nemtsov prepares for a flight in a MiG-29 fighter jet produced in Nizhny Novgorod in 1996.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
5/22Nemtsov with his daughter Zhanna in 1996.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
6/22Nemtsov speaks during his first 100 days in office as deputy prime minister in 1997.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
7/22Moscow Mayor Yury Luzhkov with Nemtsov at a roundtable discussion in Moscow in 1997.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
8/22Chinese President Jiang Zemin and Nemtsov visit the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier near the Kremlin wall.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
9/22Nemtsov, as deputy prime minister, vists the Oktyabrskaya-Yuzhnaya coal mine in 1998.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
10/22Nemtsov became leader of the Union of Right Forces party. Here he is seen with an effigy of himself from the political satire show, Puppets, in 1999.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
11/22Nemtsov, then a member of the Russian legislature, the State Duma, shakes hands with Russian President Vladimir Putin in the Kremlin in 2000.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
12/22Nemtsov talks to Yulia Tymoshenko at the inauguration of Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko in 2005. She is also standing next to businessman Petro Poroshenko, who became president of Ukraine.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
13/22Nemtsov confronts police during an opposition march in Moscow in 2010.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
14/22Police detain Nemtsov as he speaks at an opposition march in Moscow in 2011.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
15/22Police encricle Nemtsov as he speaks at an anti-Putin rally in Moscow in 2011 -- the second mass protest in the Russian capital in as many days -- demanding fresh elections after alleged electoral fraud.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
16/22Nemtsov attends an opposition rally for fair parliamentary elections after alleged electoral fraud in 2011.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
17/22Nemtsov and opposition politician, former Prime Minister Mikhail Kasyanov, invalidate their ballots for 2011 parliamentary elections, writing: "Bring back honest elections, bastards!"
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
18/22Nemtsov holds a one-man protest demanding that authorities investigate the beating of journalist and commentator Oleg Kashin in 2011.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
19/22Nemtsov is seen in his apartment in Yaroslavl in 2013.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
20/22Nemtsov attends a 2014 rally in Yaroslavl against the abolition of direct elections for the office of mayor.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
21/22Nemtsov hands out leaflets inviting people to come to an opposition rally in Moscow in February 2015.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
22/22Late on the night of February 27, 2015, Nemtsov was shot dead on a bridge near the Kremlin.
Boris Nemtsov was shot dead on the night of February 27, 2015, on a bridge near the Kremlin. He was 55 years old. A liberal politician who became one of Russian President Vladimir Putin's most prominent opponents, Nemtsov became a symbol of the struggle for democracy in Russia.
Secvența anterioară
Secvența următoare
Însă atunci când Elțîn l-a numit succesor pe Putin, Nemțov a devenit o figură obișnuită la protestele de stradă împotriva noii orientări autoritare a Kremlinului.
„Putin este un om al KGB plin de maniere sovietice”, a spus el într-un interviu.
Nemțov a fost o figură importantă care a oferit opoziției din Rusia, din ce în ce mai încercată, un chip cu recunoaștere și respect la nivel mondial. În capitalele occidentale, el a fost asociat cu promisiunea scurtă a unei Rusii noi, democratice, după decenii de comunism.
Când a fost împușcat, în 2015, moartea lui a fost considerată asasinat politic. Cinci ceceni au fost condamnați pentru o crimă la comandă, însă autoritățile ruse de aplicare a legii nu au urmărit niciodată pe nimeni pentru că a ordonat acest lucru.
În 2016, mama sa a scris că l-a văzut ultima dată în decembrie 2014.
„Părea slab și distrat....”, a spus ea. „Nu m-am gândit niciodată că totul era atât de periculos”.
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